• In the early s in addition to

  2024-05-21

  

  In the early 2000s, in addition to above-mentioned plant derived compounds, several peptide fragments from protein sources (e.g. gelatin, egg yolk, meat, fish, chicken, legumes) have been also confirmed as potential natural antioxidants and extensive studies about bioactive peptides have been conduc

• Another possible scenario is that

  2024-05-21

  

  Another possible scenario is that the same pathologic process has different effects in different people. It might be that the pathway outlined in Fig. 6A is operative in some individuals, but other individuals have a factor Q (which could be genetic or environmental) that blocks the effect of A on T

• Aldose reductase AR is an NADPH dependent

  2024-05-21

  

  Aldose reductase (AR), is an NADPH-dependent aldo-keto reductase very well studied as a catalyst of glucose conversion to sorbitol in the polyol pathway [11], [12]. In the diabetic lens characterized by chronically high levels of glucose, AR is responsible for production of high levels of sorbitol a

• The subdivision of HT receptors started in the s

  2024-05-20

  

  The subdivision of 5-HT receptors started in the 1950s by Gaddum and colleagues, when they realised that in the guinea pig ileum, the effects of 5-HT could be blocked in part by morphine (M), and in part by dibenzyline (D). Gaddum and Picarelli proposed two receptor classes, 5-HT M and 5-HT D (1957)

• In young animals the HT A receptor

  2024-05-20

  

  In young animals, the 5-HT2A sglt antagonist ketanserin, at relatively low concentrations, shifted 5-HT concentration-response curves rightward, suggesting a role for 5-HT2A receptors in mediating 5-HT-induced contractions of the ureter. The slopes of the ketanserin Schild plots for the antagonism

• In earlier experiments on snails a behavioral

  2024-05-20

  

  In earlier experiments on snails, a behavioral model was employed of certain food rejection to study the mechanisms of the reconsolidation of long-term associative memory. It was found that conditioned food stimuli (reminder) presentation, combined with injections of NMDA glutamate receptor antagoni

• A previous study reported that the serotonergic mechanism wa

  2024-05-20

  

  A previous study reported that the serotonergic mechanism was involved in the psychological stress-induced alteration in synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampal CA1 field (Matsumoto et al., 2004). Sumitaka Inoue et al. (Inoue et al., 2014) reported that pretreatment with a 5-HT1A receptor partial

• MicroRNA miRNA is an abundant group of small nucleotide nonc

  2024-05-20

  

  MicroRNA (miRNA) is an abundant group of small (22-nucleotide) noncoding RNA molecules that directly binds with 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to regulate gene expression, playing an important role in variety of biological processes including cell proliferation, apopto

• br Mechanisms of specific immunotherapy

  2024-05-20

  

  Mechanisms of specific immunotherapy Several mechanisms may be involved in specific immunotherapy of EAMG by active immunization with the therapeutic vaccine in IFA. During the therapy, the therapeutic benefits result from diversion of autoantibody specificities away from pathogenic extracellular

• br Methods br Transparency document br Introduction Epinephr

  2024-05-20

  

  Methods Transparency document Introduction Epinephrine (EP) is a critical hormone and catecholamine neurotransmitter in nervous system of mammals.1, 2, 3 It has been known to accelerate and regulate heartbeat, blood pressure, bronchodilation, mydriasis, blood sugar and lipolysis, and can he

• It has been reported that leukotrienes

  2024-05-20

  

  It has been reported that leukotrienes and their receptors, e.g. the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1) may promote venlafaxine hydrochloride injury (Ding et al., 2007) and that increased 5-LOX expression and activity lead to production of brain-toxic molecules (Khan et al., 2010). However,

• br Funding br Ethics br

  2024-05-20

  

  Funding Ethics Conflict of interest Acknowledgements Introduction Hepatic fibrosis occurs in response to different etiologies of chronic liver injury, which is mainly accompanied by pathological methylguanine dna methyltransferase of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) of the liver,

• In considering the roles of these enzymes in normal

  2024-05-20

  

  In considering the roles of these enzymes in normal physiology, given the importance of GLUT4-dependent glucose uptake and glucose-dependent fatty ghrelin receptor synthesis for systemic metabolic homeostasis (Herman and Kahn, 2006, Herman et al., 2012), deletion of Acly in adipocytes results in a s

• Human lipoxygenase exists in two forms named

  2024-05-20

  

  Human 15-lipoxygenase exists in two forms, named 15-LOX-1 (also named 12/15-LOX, 15-LO-1) and 15-LOX-2. Several reports indicate that 15-LOX-1 has a pathophysiological role in respiratory inflammatory diseases, in particular asthma. Increased activity of 15-LOX-1 is displayed in the respiratory trac

• ASK has been identified as an ASK binding

  2024-05-20

  

  ASK2 has been identified as an ASK1 binding protein (Wang et al., 1998). ASK1 supports the stability and active configuration of ASK2 in the heteromeric complex, while ASK2 has been found to activate ASK1 by direct phosphorylation (Takeda et al., 2007). Unlike ASK1, which is ubiquitously expressed i

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