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cox pathway br Acknowledgements DHA was funded by a
2024-10-16
Acknowledgements DHA was funded by a research grant from Viamet and IMB and DHA were/are consultants for Viamet/Innocrin. DHA also supported by NIH P51-OD011106. Introduction Congenital adrenal hyperplasia resulting from 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase deficiency (17OHD) is a rare autosom
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Materials and methods br Results br
2024-10-16
Materials and methods Results Discussion ATX plays a significant role in initiating and sustaining tumor metastasis [43]. LPA stimulates cell proliferation, migration and survival by acting on its cognate G-protein-coupled receptors. Aberrant LPA production, receptor GLP-2 (rat) synthesis an
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br Research perspective In vitro and in vivo
2024-10-16
Research perspective In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that increased LPA/ATX signaling contributes to cancer initiation and progression. Recent findings on the role of non-tumoral ATX in cancer progression and metastasis highlighted a new functional contribution for the microenviron
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8-CPT-2Me-cAMP, sodium salt Cancer cells manifest characteri
2024-10-16
Cancer 8-CPT-2Me-cAMP, sodium salt manifest characteristic abnormal growth properties accompanying clonal evolution of cells displaying progressively increasing genomic instability capable of invasion and metastasis to distant organ sites. With the emerging knowledge about the role of known oncogen
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There are two major isoforms of
2024-10-16
There are two major isoforms of 12/15-LO in mammalian, 12 and 15- LO, with different cellular distributions. To determine the relative contributions of these isoforms towards glucose-induced monocyte-endothelial interactions, the distribution of these isoforms in the two cell types involved in leuko
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br Introduction In the past two decades graphene and
2024-10-16
Introduction In the past two decades, graphene and graphene based nanomaterials with unique physicochemical properties have attracted great attentions in many fields including biomedicine and biotechnology. Graphene oxide (GO) and its derivatives have shown promising potential as biological and c
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Although little is known about the etiopathogenesis
2024-10-15
Although little is known about the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia, this syndrome has a major impact on maternal and fetal health worldwide, since it is responsible for 10–15% of maternal deaths [16], [17], preterm births, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and fetal deaths [2]. In developing
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AMPK is a cellular energy
2024-10-15
AMPK is a cellular energy sensor that is phosphorylated in response to high intracellular ADP levels to increase GLUT4 translocation into the cell, and subsequently, increase intracellular glucose levels to provide substrate to replenish ATP levels [25]. In metabolic syndrome, sequestration of plasm
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histone methyltransferase inhibitor Cellular detoxification
2024-10-15
Cellular detoxification is an important process that helps remove excess oxidants from the cellular environment through endogenous antioxidants or other molecules capable of reduction. One of the key regulators of antioxidant production is the transcription factor, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived
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Intracellular Signaling Cascades From ligand sensitization t
2024-10-15
Intracellular Signaling Cascades. From ligand sensitization to translation of genes, all cellular processes are dependent on the intracellular levels and activity of partners involved in the signaling pathway. These signaling events lead to critical post-translational modifications including phospho
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br Brain cell reactions Brain cells in
2024-10-15
Brain cell reactions Brain cells in common with all metabolic cells must contain chemically active primary compounds which spontaneously initiate and continue cell reactions under normal conditions of temperature and pressure (NTP). These compounds have been identified as monophosphoric and polyp
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Aldose reductase AR is an NADPH dependent aldo keto reductas
2024-10-15
Aldose reductase (AR), is an NADPH-dependent aldo-keto reductase very well studied as a catalyst of glucose conversion to sorbitol in the polyol pathway [11], [12]. In the diabetic lens characterized by chronically high levels of glucose, AR is responsible for production of high levels of sorbitol
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br Acknowledgments br Introduction Within the classical secr
2024-10-15
Acknowledgments Introduction Within the classical secretory pathway, transmembrane and soluble cargos travel via the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus en route to their final destinations [1]. However, at a post-Golgi level, trafficking routes can diverge. In this context, the tra
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br Materials and methods br Functional
2024-10-15
Materials and methods Functional demonstrations of ACh/GABA cotransmission The cotransmission of GABA and ACh has been best characterized in starburst amacrine cells (SACs) of the retina. SACs are a subtype of amacrine cell, a diverse set of retinal interneurons that are crucial for processing
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Based on currently available knowledge
2024-10-14
Based on currently available knowledge, autophagy supports adipocytes development and differentiation. In animals with specific skeletal muscle IMR-1 of Atg7, reduced adipogenesis was shown. In rodents, autophagy was decreased in adipose tissue of animals fed with high-fat diet (HFD). In contrast,
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